Everything about Lo Inj totally explained
Lošinj (pronounced loh-sheen) (
Italian Lussino;
German:
Lötzing;
Latin Apsorrus,
Greek:
Apsorros,
Αψωρος) is a
Croatian island in the northern
Adriatic Sea, in the Bay of
Kvarner (Italian:
Quarnero). It is almost due south of the main city of
Rijeka, and also a part of the
Primorje-Gorski Kotar county.
The following are the settlements on Lošinj, listed here with their Italian or German name equivalents in parentheses:
Nerezine (
Neresine),
Sveti Jakov (
San Giacomo Lussignano),
Ćunski (
Chiusi Lussignano),
Artaturi (
Artatore),
Mali Lošinj (
Lussinpiccolo,
Klein-Lötzing) and
Veli Lošinj (
Lussingrande,
Groß-Lötzing).
A regional road runs the length of the island; ferry connections (via the island of
Cres) include
Brestova -
Porozina,
Merag -
Valbiska,
Mali Lošinj -
Zadar,
Mali Lošinj -
Pula. There is also an airport on the island of Lošinj.
Geography
Lošinj is part of the Cres-Lošinj archipelago. The Cres-Lošinj archipelago includes
Cres and Lošinj, and the smaller islands of
Unije,
Ilovik,
Susak, Vele Srakane, Male Srakane and a number of uninhabited small islands.
Cres is the biggest by area, Lošinj is second.
Cres and Lošinj are connected by a small bridge in the town of
Osor (Italian
Ossero), on the island of Cres (Italian
Cherso).
Lošinj is the 11th largest Adriatic island by area, 33 km long, with the width varying from 4.75 km in the north and middle of the island, to 0.25 km near the town of
Mali Lošinj. The total coastline of the island is 112.7 km.
With over 2600 hours of sunshine a year, the island has become a popular destination for
German and
Italian tourists in the summer months. Average air
humidity is 70%, and the average summer temperature is 24 °C (75 °F) and 7 °C (45 °F) during the winter.
The highest elevations are the mountains Televrin (also called Osoršćica) (588 m) and Sv. Nikola (557 m). The towns of
Nerezine and
Sveti Jakov lie at their base. The island is formed predominantly of chalk
limestone and
dolomite rocks. There are sand deposits in the western part of the Kurila peninsula.
The island has a mild climate and
evergreen vegetation (like
myrtle,
holm oak, and
laurel). The highest elevations in the north have more sparse vegetation.
Veli Lošinj,
Čikat and the south-western coast are ringed by
pine forests.
History
The island of Lošinj is thought to have been inhabited since the Antiquity. This is evidenced by hill-forts at the foot of Osoršćica and around the port of
Mali Lošinj. The [|Romans]] called this island
Apsorrus (
Ptolemy), and referred to the islands of Lošinj and
Cres collectively as
Apsirtides. In several places, ruins of Roman villas have been excavated (villae rusticae: Liski,
Sveti Jakov, and Studenčić near
Ćunski). Several small eremitic churches dating from the Roman era have been preserved (St. Lovreć near
Osor, and St. James in
Sveti Jakov).In the Middle Ages, Lošinj was the property of the clerical and secular nobility of
Osor and unpopulated.
The first evidence of settlers from the mainland was in 1280. Pursuant to a contract with
Osor, their settlements gained self-governance in 1389. The name Lošinj was first mentioned in 1384. Parallel with the gradual decline of
Osor from the 15th century onwards, the settlements
Veli Lošinj and
Mali Lošinj played an increasingly important role.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, trade, shipbuilding and seafaring on the island developed more intensely. After the fall of the
Republic of Venice, Lošinj was under the
Austro-Hungarian rule until its collapse in 1918; then under
Italy until 1943. In 1945 the island was annexed by
Yugoslavia. Lošinj has been part of Croatia since the country declared independence from the Yugoslav Federation in 1991.
Yugoslavia.
The 1945 annexation of the island by Yugoslavia was associated with a substantial exodus of its Italian-speaking population to Italy and to other countries, due to their unwillingness to live under Yugoslav communist rule. These expatriates today are a vibrant "community" living in Italy and around the world, and publish a newsletter (http://www.lussinpiccolo-italia.net) which keeps their memories and traditions alive.
People
- Agostino Straulino: Born in the city of Mali Lošinj on October 10, 1914 and died in Rome on December 14, 2004. He was one of the legends of Italian sailing. He learned to sail by going to school in his boat. His first experiences were sailing in the Kvarner Bay. He won a Gold Medal in the 1952 Summer Olympics (Helsinki) for Sailing (Starboat Class) and a Silver Medal in the 1956 Summer Olympics (Melbourne). Between 1949 and 1956, he won eight consecutive European championships in the Starboat Class. In 1952 and 1953, he was also World Champion in this class.
Gaudentius of Ossero: He was born c. 1000 AD and presided over the Ossero (Osor) ecclesiastical province as bishop and later became a saint and patron of the island. A legend claims that he banished all venomous snakes from the islands while hiding in a cave from persecutors. His remains now lie in the alter of the church of his same name in Osor.
The Cosulich Family (http://www.cosulich.it) of shipbuilders originated in Lošinj probably prior to the 1700s and rose to prominence in the region, eventually establishing a successful shipping business in Venice and around the world, where the Cosulich line became renowned.
The Croatian Apoxyomenos: (the "Scraper") is a bronze statue that dates back to the first or second century BCE. This type of figure was first developed by the Greek sculptor Lysippos in the fourth century BCE. It was discovered underwater in the Lošinj archipelago near the uninhabited island of Vele Orjule. The Lošinj Channel was a frequent navigational route leading to the northern part of the Adriatic, to Istria and Italy. It is believed to be from a Roman shipwreck although there are no other apparent remnants. Apoxyomenos is one of the Greek conventions in representing an athlete, caught in the familiar act of scraping sweat and dust from his body with the small curved instrument that the Greeks called a strigil. The statue now resides in the Archeological Museum in Zagreb.Further Information
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